Rollup merge of rust-lang#36206 - mcarton:35755, r=pnkfelix

Fix bad error message with `::<` in types

Fix rust-lang#36116.

Before:
```rust
error: expected identifier, found `<`
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:16:52
   |
16 |     let f = Some(Foo { _a: 42 }).map(|a| a as Foo::<i32>);
   |                                                    ^

error: chained comparison operators require parentheses
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:16:52
   |
16 |     let f = Some(Foo { _a: 42 }).map(|a| a as Foo::<i32>);
   |                                                    ^^^^^^
   |
   = help: use `::<...>` instead of `<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments

error: expected expression, found `)`
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:16:57
   |
16 |     let f = Some(Foo { _a: 42 }).map(|a| a as Foo::<i32>);
   |                                                         ^

error: expected identifier, found `<`
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:20:17
   |
20 |     let g: Foo::<i32> = Foo { _a: 42 };
   |                 ^

error: aborting due to 5 previous errors
```

After:
```rust
error: unexpected token: `::`
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:16:50
   |
16 |     let f = Some(Foo { _a: 42 }).map(|a| a as Foo::<i32>);
   |                                                  ^^
   |
   = help: use `<...>` instead of `::<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments

error: unexpected token: `::`
  --> src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs:20:15
   |
20 |     let g: Foo::<i32> = Foo { _a: 42 };
   |               ^^
   |
   = help: use `<...>` instead of `::<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments

error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
```

Author: GuillaumeGomez

src/libsyntax/parse/parser.rs

@@ -1757,6 +1757,17 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             // First, parse an identifier.
             let identifier = self.parse_path_segment_ident()?;
 
+            if self.check(&token::ModSep) && self.look_ahead(1, |t| *t == token::Lt) {
+                self.bump();
+                let prev_span = self.prev_span;
+
+                let mut err = self.diagnostic().struct_span_err(prev_span,
+                    "unexpected token: `::`");
+                err.help(
+                    "use `<...>` instead of `::<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments");
+                err.emit();
+            }
+
             // Parse types, optionally.
             let parameters = if self.eat_lt() {
                 let (lifetimes, types, bindings) = self.parse_generic_values_after_lt()?;

src/test/compile-fail/issue-36116.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+struct Foo<T> {
+    _a: T,
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let f = Some(Foo { _a: 42 }).map(|a| a as Foo::<i32>);
+    //~^ ERROR unexpected token: `::`
+    //~| HELP use `<...>` instead of `::<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments
+
+    let g: Foo::<i32> = Foo { _a: 42 };
+    //~^ ERROR unexpected token: `::`
+    //~| HELP use `<...>` instead of `::<...>` if you meant to specify type arguments
+}