Merge pull request mouredev#1886 from raulfauli/08-dart

#8 - Dart

Author: Roswell468

Roadmap/08 - CLASES/dart/raulfauli.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/// #08 CLASES
+
+void main() {
+  final person = Person('Raul', 25);
+  person.age = 101; // Print 'Invalid age'
+  person.printPerson(); // Age: 25
+
+  // Public constant
+  print('Max age: ${Person.MAX_AGE}');
+  // Static method
+  Person.printMaxAge(); // Max age: 100
+
+  // Setter
+  person.age = 40;
+  person.printPerson(); // Age: 40
+
+  // Getter
+  final age = person.age;
+  print('Age: $age'); // Age: 40
+
+  // Name constructor
+  final anonym = Person.anonym();
+  anonym.printPerson(); // Name: Anonymous, Age: 18
+
+  // Extra
+
+  // Queue
+  final queue = Queue();
+  queue.add('Raul');
+  queue.add('Fauli');
+  queue.add('Garcia');
+  print(queue.get()); // Raul
+  print(queue.getAll()); // [Fauli, Garcia]
+
+  // Stack
+  final stack = Stack();
+  stack.add('Raul');
+  stack.add('Fauli');
+  stack.add('Garcia');
+  print(stack.get()); // Garcia
+  print(stack.getAll()); // [Raul, Fauli]
+}
+
+// Clase con constructor
+class Person {
+  // Constantes
+  static const int MAX_AGE = 100;
+  // Atributos
+  String name;
+  // Atributo privado
+  int _age = 0;
+
+  // Constructor
+  Person(this.name, this._age);
+
+  // Constructor con nombre
+  Person.anonym()
+      : name = 'Anonymous',
+        _age = 18;
+
+  // Métodos
+  void printPerson() {
+    print('Name: $name, Age: $_age');
+  }
+
+  // Getters y Setters
+  int get age => _age;
+  set age(int value) {
+    if (value <= MAX_AGE && value >= 0) {
+      _age = value;
+    } else {
+      print('Invalid age');
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Métodos estáticos
+  static void printMaxAge() {
+    print('Max age: $MAX_AGE');
+  }
+
+  // Métodos privados
+  void _privateMethod() {
+    print('Private method');
+  }
+
+  void publicMethod() {
+    _privateMethod();
+  }
+}
+
+class Queue {
+  final List<String> _queue = [];
+
+  void add(String value) {
+    _queue.add(value);
+  }
+
+  String? get() {
+    if (_queue.isEmpty) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return _queue.removeAt(0);
+  }
+
+  List<String> getAll() {
+    return _queue;
+  }
+}
+
+class Stack {
+  final List<String> _stack = [];
+
+  void add(String value) {
+    _stack.add(value);
+  }
+
+  String? get() {
+    if (_stack.isEmpty) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return _stack.removeLast();
+  }
+
+  List<String> getAll() {
+    return _stack;
+  }
+}