#22 - python

Author: duendeintemporal

Roadmap/22 - FUNCIONES DE ORDEN SUPERIOR/python/duendeintemporal.py

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+#22 { Retos para Programadores } FUNCIONES DE ORDEN SUPERIOR
+
+# Bibliography reference
+#Secrets of the JavaScript Ninja (John Resig, Bear Bibeault, Josip Maras) (z-lib.org)
+#Eloquent Javascript A Modern Introduction to Programming by Marijn Haverbeke (z-lib.org)
+#Python Notes for Professionals. 800+ pages of professional hints and tricks (GoalKicker.com) (Z-Library)
+# Additionally, I use GPT as a reference and sometimes to correct or generate proper comments.
+
+"""  
+* EJERCICIO:
+ * Explora el concepto de funciones de orden superior en tu lenguaje 
+ * creando ejemplos simples (a tu elección) que muestren su funcionamiento.
+ *
+ * DIFICULTAD EXTRA (opcional):
+ * Dada una lista de estudiantes (con sus nombres, fecha de nacimiento y 
+ * lista de calificaciones), utiliza funciones de orden superior para
+ * realizar las siguientes operaciones de procesamiento y análisis:
+ * - Promedio calificaciones: Obtiene una lista de estudiantes por nombre
+ *   y promedio de sus calificaciones.
+ * - Mejores estudiantes: Obtiene una lista con el nombre de los estudiantes
+ *   que tienen calificaciones con un 9 o más de promedio.
+ * - Nacimiento: Obtiene una lista de estudiantes ordenada desde el más joven.
+ * - Mayor calificación: Obtiene la calificación más alta de entre todas las
+ *   de los alumnos.
+ * - Una calificación debe estar comprendida entre 0 y 10 (admite decimales).
+
+"""
+import random
+from datetime import datetime
+
+log = print
+
+log('Retos para Programadores #22')
+
+# Higher-order function example: power function
+def powder(n):
+    return lambda m: 1 if n == 0 else m * powder(n - 1)(m)
+
+powder2 = powder(2)
+log(powder2(10))  # 100
+
+# Higher-order function to apply a function to an array
+def apply_to_array(func):
+    return lambda *arr: func(*arr)
+
+def total_amount(*args):
+    return sum(args)
+
+sales = [123, 45, 67, 865, 76, 54, 3254, 23]
+log(apply_to_array(total_amount)(*sales))  # 4507
+
+# Control flow function
+def unless(test, then):
+    if not test:
+        then()
+
+def is_odd_num(n):
+    return n % 2 != 0
+
+# Higher-order function to add odd numbers up to n
+def add_odd_nums(n):
+    total = 0
+    while n > 0:
+        if is_odd_num(n):  # Check if n is odd
+            total = add_to_total(n, total)  # Update total
+        n -= 1
+    return total
+
+# Helper function to add to total
+def add_to_total(n, total):
+    return total + n
+
+log(add_odd_nums(100))  # Should print 2500
+
+
+# EXTRA DIFFICULTY EXERCISE
+
+# Student class definition
+class Student:
+    def __init__(self, name, birthday, calification):
+        self.name = name
+        self.birthday = datetime.strptime(birthday, '%Y-%m-%d')
+        self.calification = calification
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        return self.name
+
+    def get_birthday(self):
+        return self.birthday
+
+    def get_calification(self):
+        return self.calification
+
+    def set_name(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def set_birthday(self, birthday):
+        self.birthday = datetime.strptime(birthday, '%Y-%m-%d')
+
+    def set_calification(self, calification):
+        self.calification = calification
+
+# List of students
+students = [
+    Student('Juan Rulfo', '1986-06-07', 7),
+    Student('Moure Dev', '1982-03-08', 8.5),
+    Student('Calvin Maker', '2000-04-02', 9.8),
+    Student('Adela Jimenez', '1976-01-09', 7.9),
+    Student('Crist Renegate', '2001-07-09', 5),
+    Student('Gautama Buda', '0623-05-23', 9),
+    Student('Niko Zen', '1983-08-08', 10)
+]
+
+# Function to get a list of students with their average grades
+def students_average_list(arr):
+    return sorted(
+        [{'name': student.get_name(), 'average': student.get_calification()} for student in arr],
+        key=lambda x: x['average'],
+        reverse=True
+    )
+
+# Function to get a list of students with grades of 9 or higher
+def higher_than_9_students(arr):
+    return [student.get_name() for student in arr if student.get_calification() >= 9]
+
+# Function to sort students by their birth date
+def sort_students_by_birthday(arr):
+    return [student.get_name() for student in sorted(arr, key=lambda student: student.get_birthday())]
+
+# Function to find the highest grade among all students
+def highest_calification(arr):
+    return max(student.get_calification() for student in arr)
+
+# Execute the functions and store the results
+average_list = students_average_list(students)
+best_students = higher_than_9_students(students)
+sorted_students = sort_students_by_birthday(students)
+highest_grade = highest_calification(students)
+
+# Display the results in the console
+log("Average grades:", average_list)
+log("Best students (9 or higher):", best_students)  # Best students (9 or higher): ['Calvin Maker', 'Gautama Buda', 'Niko Zen']
+log("Students sorted by birth date:", sorted_students)  # Students sorted by birth date
+log("Highest grade:", highest_grade)  # Highest grade: 10
+
+# Output Example:
+"""  
+Average grades: [{'name': 'Niko Zen', 'average': 10}, {'name': 'Calvin Maker', 'average': 9.8}, {'name': 'Gautama Buda', 'average': 9}, {'name': 'Moure Dev', 'average': 8.5}, {'name': 'Adela Jimenez', 'average': 7.9}, {'name': 'Juan Rulfo', 'average': 7}, {'name': 'Crist Renegate', 'average': 5}]
+Best students (9 or higher): ['Calvin Maker', 'Gautama Buda', 'Niko Zen']
+Students sorted by birth date: ['Gautama Buda', 'Adela Jimenez', 'Moure Dev', 'Niko Zen', 'Juan Rulfo', 'Calvin Maker', 'Crist Renegate']
+Highest grade: 10
+
+"""
+