[libc++] Enable availability based on the compiler instead of __has_extension (#84065)

__has_extension(...) doesn't work as intended when -pedantic-errors is
used with Clang. With that flag, __has_extension(...) is equivalent to
__has_feature(...), which means that checks like

    __has_extension(pragma_clang_attribute_external_declaration)

will return 0. In turn, this has the effect of disabling availability
markup in libc++, which is undesirable.

rdar://124078119

Author: ldionne

libcxx/include/__availability

@@ -72,11 +72,10 @@
 #  endif
 #endif
 
-// Availability markup is disabled when building the library, or when the compiler
+// Availability markup is disabled when building the library, or when a non-Clang
+// compiler is used because only Clang supports the necessary attributes.
 // doesn't support the proper attributes.
-#if defined(_LIBCPP_BUILDING_LIBRARY) || defined(_LIBCXXABI_BUILDING_LIBRARY) ||                                       \
-    !__has_feature(attribute_availability_with_strict) || !__has_feature(attribute_availability_in_templates) ||       \
-    !__has_extension(pragma_clang_attribute_external_declaration)
+#if defined(_LIBCPP_BUILDING_LIBRARY) || defined(_LIBCXXABI_BUILDING_LIBRARY) || !defined(_LIBCPP_COMPILER_CLANG_BASED)
 #  if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VENDOR_AVAILABILITY_ANNOTATIONS)
 #    define _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VENDOR_AVAILABILITY_ANNOTATIONS
 #  endif

libcxx/test/libcxx/vendor/apple/availability-with-pedantic-errors.compile.pass.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// REQUIRES: stdlib=apple-libc++
+
+// Test that using -pedantic-errors doesn't turn off availability annotations.
+// This used to be the case because we used __has_extension(...) to enable the
+// availability annotations, and -pedantic-errors changes the behavior of
+// __has_extension(...) in an incompatible way.
+
+// ADDITIONAL_COMPILE_FLAGS: -pedantic-errors
+
+#include <__availability>
+
+#if defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VENDOR_AVAILABILITY_ANNOTATIONS)
+#  error Availability annotations should be enabled on Apple platforms in the system configuration!
+#endif