[DebugInfo][RemoveDIs] Add prototype storage classes for "new" debug-info

This patch adds a variety of classes needed to record variable location
debug-info without using the existing intrinsic approach, see the rationale
at [0].

The two added files and corresponding unit tests are the majority of the
plumbing required for this, but at this point isn't accessible from the
rest of LLVM as we need to stage it into the repo gently. An overview is
that classes are added for recording variable information attached to Real
(TM) instructions, in the form of DPValues and DPMarker objects. The
metadata-uses of DPValues is plumbed into the metadata hierachy, and a
field added to class Instruction, which are all stimulated in the unit
tests. The next few patches in this series add utilities to convert to/from
this new debug-info format and add instruction/block utilities to have
debug-info automatically updated in the background when various operations
occur.

This patch was reviewed in Phab in D153990 and D154080, I've squashed them
together into this commit as there are dependencies between the two
patches, and there's little profit in landing them separately.

[0] https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-instruction-api-changes-needed-to-eliminate-debug-intrinsics-from-ir/68939

Author: jmorse

llvm/include/llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "llvm/ADT/ilist_node.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/iterator_range.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/DebugProgramInstruction.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/SymbolTableListTraits.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
@@ -56,6 +57,9 @@ class BasicBlock final : public Value, // Basic blocks are data objects also
                          public ilist_node_with_parent<BasicBlock, Function> {
 public:
   using InstListType = SymbolTableList<Instruction, ilist_iterator_bits<true>>;
+  /// Flag recording whether or not this block stores debug-info in the form
+  /// of intrinsic instructions (false) or non-instruction records (true).
+  bool IsNewDbgInfoFormat;
 
 private:
   friend class BlockAddress;
@@ -64,6 +68,55 @@ class BasicBlock final : public Value, // Basic blocks are data objects also
   InstListType InstList;
   Function *Parent;
 
+public:
+  /// Attach a DPMarker to the given instruction. Enables the storage of any
+  /// debug-info at this position in the program.
+  DPMarker *createMarker(Instruction *I);
+  DPMarker *createMarker(InstListType::iterator It);
+
+  /// Convert variable location debugging information stored in dbg.value
+  /// intrinsics into DPMarker / DPValue records. Deletes all dbg.values in
+  /// the process and sets IsNewDbgInfoFormat = true. Only takes effect if
+  /// the UseNewDbgInfoFormat LLVM command line option is given.
+  void convertToNewDbgValues();
+
+  /// Convert variable location debugging information stored in DPMarkers and
+  /// DPValues into the dbg.value intrinsic representation. Sets
+  /// IsNewDbgInfoFormat = false.
+  void convertFromNewDbgValues();
+
+  /// Ensure the block is in "old" dbg.value format (\p NewFlag == false) or
+  /// in the new format (\p NewFlag == true), converting to the desired format
+  /// if necessary.
+  void setIsNewDbgInfoFormat(bool NewFlag);
+
+  /// Validate any DPMarkers / DPValues attached to instructions in this block,
+  /// and block-level stored data too (TrailingDPValues).
+  /// \p Assert Should this method fire an assertion if a problem is found?
+  /// \p Msg Should this method print a message to errs() if a problem is found?
+  /// \p OS Output stream to write errors to.
+  /// \returns True if a problem is found.
+  bool validateDbgValues(bool Assert = true, bool Msg = false,
+                         raw_ostream *OS = nullptr);
+
+  /// Record that the collection of DPValues in \p M "trails" after the last
+  /// instruction of this block. These are equivalent to dbg.value intrinsics
+  /// that exist at the end of a basic block with no terminator (a transient
+  /// state that occurs regularly).
+  void setTrailingDPValues(DPMarker *M);
+
+  /// Fetch the collection of DPValues that "trail" after the last instruction
+  /// of this block, see \ref setTrailingDPValues. If there are none, returns
+  /// nullptr.
+  DPMarker *getTrailingDPValues();
+
+  /// Delete any trailing DPValues at the end of this block, see
+  /// \ref setTrailingDPValues.
+  void deleteTrailingDPValues();
+
+  void dumpDbgValues() const;
+
+private:
   void setParent(Function *parent);
 
   /// Constructor.

llvm/include/llvm/IR/DebugInfoMetadata.h

@@ -3765,6 +3765,10 @@ class DIArgList : public MDNode {
   iterator args_begin() { return Args.begin(); }
   iterator args_end() { return Args.end(); }
 
+  ReplaceableMetadataImpl *getReplaceableUses() {
+    return Context.getReplaceableUses();
+  }
+
   static bool classof(const Metadata *MD) {
     return MD->getMetadataID() == DIArgListKind;
   }