[clang] deprecate frelaxed-template-template-args, make it on by default

In order to implement this as a DR and avoid breaking reasonable code
that worked before P0522, this patch implements a provisional resolution
for CWG2398: When deducing template template parameters against each other,
and the argument side names a template specialization, instead of just
deducing A, we instead deduce a synthesized template template parameter based
on A, but with it's parameters using the template specialization's arguments
as defaults.

The driver flag is deprecated with a warning, and it will not have any effect.

Author: mizvekov

clang/include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticDriverKinds.td

@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ def warn_drv_diagnostics_misexpect_requires_pgo : Warning<
 def warn_drv_clang_unsupported : Warning<
   "the clang compiler does not support '%0'">;
 def warn_drv_deprecated_arg : Warning<
-  "argument '%0' is deprecated, use '%1' instead">, InGroup<Deprecated>;
+  "argument '%0' is deprecated%select{|, use '%2' instead}1">, InGroup<Deprecated>;
 def warn_drv_deprecated_custom : Warning<
   "argument '%0' is deprecated, %1">, InGroup<Deprecated>;
 def warn_drv_assuming_mfloat_abi_is : Warning<

clang/include/clang/Basic/LangOptions.def

@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ LANGOPT(GNUAsm            , 1, 1, "GNU-style inline assembly")
 LANGOPT(Coroutines        , 1, 0, "C++20 coroutines")
 LANGOPT(CoroAlignedAllocation, 1, 0, "prefer Aligned Allocation according to P2014 Option 2")
 LANGOPT(DllExportInlines  , 1, 1, "dllexported classes dllexport inline methods")
-LANGOPT(RelaxedTemplateTemplateArgs, 1, 0, "C++17 relaxed matching of template template arguments")
 LANGOPT(ExperimentalLibrary, 1, 0, "enable unstable and experimental library features")
 
 LANGOPT(PointerAuthIntrinsics, 1, 0, "pointer authentication intrinsics")

clang/include/clang/Driver/Options.td

@@ -3359,11 +3359,8 @@ defm application_extension : BoolFOption<"application-extension",
   PosFlag<SetTrue, [], [ClangOption, CC1Option],
           "Restrict code to those available for App Extensions">,
   NegFlag<SetFalse>>;
-defm relaxed_template_template_args : BoolFOption<"relaxed-template-template-args",
-  LangOpts<"RelaxedTemplateTemplateArgs">, DefaultFalse,
-  PosFlag<SetTrue, [], [ClangOption, CC1Option],
-          "Enable C++17 relaxed template template argument matching">,
-  NegFlag<SetFalse>>;
+def frelaxed_template_template_args : Flag<["-"], "frelaxed-template-template-args">, Flags<[]>;
+def fno_relaxed_template_template_args : Flag<["-"], "fno-relaxed-template-template-args">, Flags<[]>;
 defm sized_deallocation : BoolFOption<"sized-deallocation",
   LangOpts<"SizedDeallocation">, DefaultFalse,
   PosFlag<SetTrue, [], [ClangOption, CC1Option],

clang/lib/Driver/SanitizerArgs.cpp

@@ -797,7 +797,8 @@ SanitizerArgs::SanitizerArgs(const ToolChain &TC,
         Arg->claim();
         if (LegacySanitizeCoverage != 0 && DiagnoseErrors) {
           D.Diag(diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg)
-              << Arg->getAsString(Args) << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard";
+              << Arg->getAsString(Args) << true
+              << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard";
         }
         continue;
       }
@@ -833,11 +834,11 @@ SanitizerArgs::SanitizerArgs(const ToolChain &TC,
     // enabled.
     if (CoverageFeatures & CoverageTraceBB)
       D.Diag(clang::diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg)
-          << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-bb"
+          << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-bb" << true
           << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard";
     if (CoverageFeatures & Coverage8bitCounters)
       D.Diag(clang::diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg)
-          << "-fsanitize-coverage=8bit-counters"
+          << "-fsanitize-coverage=8bit-counters" << true
           << "-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard";
   }
 
@@ -849,7 +850,7 @@ SanitizerArgs::SanitizerArgs(const ToolChain &TC,
   if ((CoverageFeatures & InsertionPointTypes) &&
       !(CoverageFeatures & InstrumentationTypes) && DiagnoseErrors) {
     D.Diag(clang::diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg)
-        << "-fsanitize-coverage=[func|bb|edge]"
+        << "-fsanitize-coverage=[func|bb|edge]" << true
         << "-fsanitize-coverage=[func|bb|edge],[trace-pc-guard|trace-pc],["
            "control-flow]";
   }

clang/lib/Driver/ToolChains/Clang.cpp

@@ -6561,7 +6561,7 @@ void Clang::ConstructJob(Compilation &C, const JobAction &JA,
   if (const Arg *A =
           Args.getLastArg(options::OPT_fvisibility_global_new_delete_hidden)) {
     D.Diag(diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg)
-        << A->getAsString(Args)
+        << A->getAsString(Args) << true
         << "-fvisibility-global-new-delete=force-hidden";
   }
 
@@ -7288,11 +7288,10 @@ void Clang::ConstructJob(Compilation &C, const JobAction &JA,
   Args.addOptOutFlag(CmdArgs, options::OPT_fassume_unique_vtables,
                      options::OPT_fno_assume_unique_vtables);
 
-  // -frelaxed-template-template-args is off by default, as it is a severe
-  // breaking change until a corresponding change to template partial ordering
-  // is provided.
-  Args.addOptInFlag(CmdArgs, options::OPT_frelaxed_template_template_args,
-                    options::OPT_fno_relaxed_template_template_args);
+  // -frelaxed-template-template-args is deprecated, with no effect.
+  if (Arg *A = Args.getLastArg(options::OPT_frelaxed_template_template_args,
+                               options::OPT_fno_relaxed_template_template_args))
+    D.Diag(diag::warn_drv_deprecated_arg) << A->getAsString(Args) << false;
 
   // -fsized-deallocation is off by default, as it is an ABI-breaking change for
   // most platforms.

clang/lib/Frontend/InitPreprocessor.cpp

@@ -713,8 +713,8 @@ static void InitializeCPlusPlusFeatureTestMacros(const LangOptions &LangOpts,
   }
   if (LangOpts.AlignedAllocation && !LangOpts.AlignedAllocationUnavailable)
     Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_aligned_new", "201606L");
-  if (LangOpts.RelaxedTemplateTemplateArgs)
-    Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_template_template_args", "201611L");
+
+  Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_template_template_args", "201611L");
 
   // C++20 features.
   if (LangOpts.CPlusPlus20) {

clang/lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp

@@ -8343,58 +8343,52 @@ bool Sema::CheckTemplateTemplateArgument(TemplateTemplateParmDecl *Param,
   // C++1z [temp.arg.template]p3: (DR 150)
   //   A template-argument matches a template template-parameter P when P
   //   is at least as specialized as the template-argument A.
-  // FIXME: We should enable RelaxedTemplateTemplateArgs by default as it is a
-  //  defect report resolution from C++17 and shouldn't be introduced by
-  //  concepts.
-  if (getLangOpts().RelaxedTemplateTemplateArgs) {
-    // Quick check for the common case:
-    //   If P contains a parameter pack, then A [...] matches P if each of A's
-    //   template parameters matches the corresponding template parameter in
-    //   the template-parameter-list of P.
-    if (TemplateParameterListsAreEqual(
-            Template->getTemplateParameters(), Params, false,
-            TPL_TemplateTemplateArgumentMatch, Arg.getLocation()) &&
-        // If the argument has no associated constraints, then the parameter is
-        // definitely at least as specialized as the argument.
-        // Otherwise - we need a more thorough check.
-        !Template->hasAssociatedConstraints())
-      return false;
+  // Quick check for the common case:
+  //   If P contains a parameter pack, then A [...] matches P if each of A's
+  //   template parameters matches the corresponding template parameter in
+  //   the template-parameter-list of P.
+  if (TemplateParameterListsAreEqual(Template->getTemplateParameters(), Params,
+                                     false, TPL_TemplateTemplateArgumentMatch,
+                                     Arg.getLocation()) &&
+      // If the argument has no associated constraints, then the parameter is
+      // definitely at least as specialized as the argument.
+      // Otherwise - we need a more thorough check.
+      !Template->hasAssociatedConstraints())
+    return false;
 
-    if (isTemplateTemplateParameterAtLeastAsSpecializedAs(Params, Template,
-                                                          Arg.getLocation())) {
-      // P2113
-      // C++20[temp.func.order]p2
-      //   [...] If both deductions succeed, the partial ordering selects the
-      // more constrained template (if one exists) as determined below.
-      SmallVector<const Expr *, 3> ParamsAC, TemplateAC;
-      Params->getAssociatedConstraints(ParamsAC);
-      // C++2a[temp.arg.template]p3
-      //   [...] In this comparison, if P is unconstrained, the constraints on A
-      //   are not considered.
-      if (ParamsAC.empty())
-        return false;
+  if (isTemplateTemplateParameterAtLeastAsSpecializedAs(Params, Template,
+                                                        Arg.getLocation())) {
+    // P2113
+    // C++20[temp.func.order]p2
+    //   [...] If both deductions succeed, the partial ordering selects the
+    // more constrained template (if one exists) as determined below.
+    SmallVector<const Expr *, 3> ParamsAC, TemplateAC;
+    Params->getAssociatedConstraints(ParamsAC);
+    // C++2a[temp.arg.template]p3
+    //   [...] In this comparison, if P is unconstrained, the constraints on A
+    //   are not considered.
+    if (ParamsAC.empty())
+      return false;
 
-      Template->getAssociatedConstraints(TemplateAC);
+    Template->getAssociatedConstraints(TemplateAC);
 
-      bool IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained;
-      if (IsAtLeastAsConstrained(Param, ParamsAC, Template, TemplateAC,
-                                 IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained))
-        return true;
-      if (!IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained) {
-        Diag(Arg.getLocation(),
-             diag::err_template_template_parameter_not_at_least_as_constrained)
-            << Template << Param << Arg.getSourceRange();
-        Diag(Param->getLocation(), diag::note_entity_declared_at) << Param;
-        Diag(Template->getLocation(), diag::note_entity_declared_at)
-            << Template;
-        MaybeEmitAmbiguousAtomicConstraintsDiagnostic(Param, ParamsAC, Template,
-                                                      TemplateAC);
-        return true;
-      }
-      return false;
+    bool IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained;
+    if (IsAtLeastAsConstrained(Param, ParamsAC, Template, TemplateAC,
+                               IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained))
+      return true;
+    if (!IsParamAtLeastAsConstrained) {
+      Diag(Arg.getLocation(),
+           diag::err_template_template_parameter_not_at_least_as_constrained)
+          << Template << Param << Arg.getSourceRange();
+      Diag(Param->getLocation(), diag::note_entity_declared_at) << Param;
+      Diag(Template->getLocation(), diag::note_entity_declared_at) << Template;
+      MaybeEmitAmbiguousAtomicConstraintsDiagnostic(Param, ParamsAC, Template,
+                                                    TemplateAC);
+      return true;
     }
-    // FIXME: Produce better diagnostics for deduction failures.
+    return false;
   }
+  // FIXME: Produce better diagnostics for deduction failures.
 
   return !TemplateParameterListsAreEqual(Template->getTemplateParameters(),
                                          Params,

clang/lib/Sema/SemaTemplateDeduction.cpp

@@ -507,10 +507,62 @@ static TemplateDeductionResult DeduceNonTypeTemplateArgument(
       S, TemplateParams, NTTP, DeducedTemplateArgument(New), T, Info, Deduced);
 }
 
+static NamedDecl *DeduceTemplateArguments(Sema &S, NamedDecl *A,
+                                          TemplateArgument Default) {
+  switch (A->getKind()) {
+  case Decl::TemplateTypeParm: {
+    auto *T = cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(A);
+    // FIXME: DefaultArgument can't represent a pack.
+    if (T->isParameterPack())
+      return A;
+    auto *R = TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
+        S.Context, A->getDeclContext(), SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
+        T->getDepth(), T->getIndex(), T->getIdentifier(),
+        T->wasDeclaredWithTypename(), /*ParameterPack=*/false,
+        T->hasTypeConstraint());
+    R->setDefaultArgument(
+        S.Context.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(Default.getAsType()));
+    if (R->hasTypeConstraint()) {
+      auto *C = R->getTypeConstraint();
+      R->setTypeConstraint(C->getConceptReference(),
+                           C->getImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint());
+    }
+    return R;
+  }
+  case Decl::NonTypeTemplateParm: {
+    auto *T = cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(A);
+    // FIXME: DefaultArgument can't represent a pack.
+    if (T->isParameterPack())
+      return A;
+    auto *R = NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
+        S.Context, A->getDeclContext(), SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
+        T->getDepth(), T->getIndex(), T->getIdentifier(), T->getType(),
+        /*ParameterPack=*/false, T->getTypeSourceInfo());
+    R->setDefaultArgument(Default.getAsExpr());
+    if (auto *PTC = T->getPlaceholderTypeConstraint())
+      R->setPlaceholderTypeConstraint(PTC);
+    return R;
+  }
+  case Decl::TemplateTemplateParm: {
+    auto *T = cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(A);
+    auto *R = TemplateTemplateParmDecl::Create(
+        S.Context, A->getDeclContext(), SourceLocation(), T->getDepth(),
+        T->getIndex(), T->isParameterPack(), T->getIdentifier(),
+        T->wasDeclaredWithTypename(), T->getTemplateParameters());
+    R->setDefaultArgument(
+        S.Context, TemplateArgumentLoc(Default, TemplateArgumentLocInfo()));
+    return R;
+  }
+  default:
+    llvm_unreachable("Unexpected Decl Kind");
+  }
+}
+
 static TemplateDeductionResult
 DeduceTemplateArguments(Sema &S, TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams,
                         TemplateName Param, TemplateName Arg,
                         TemplateDeductionInfo &Info,
+                        ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> DefaultArguments,
                         SmallVectorImpl<DeducedTemplateArgument> &Deduced) {
   TemplateDecl *ParamDecl = Param.getAsTemplateDecl();
   if (!ParamDecl) {
@@ -519,13 +571,45 @@ DeduceTemplateArguments(Sema &S, TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams,
     return TemplateDeductionResult::Success;
   }
 
-  if (TemplateTemplateParmDecl *TempParam
-        = dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(ParamDecl)) {
+  if (auto *TempParam = dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(ParamDecl)) {
     // If we're not deducing at this depth, there's nothing to deduce.
     if (TempParam->getDepth() != Info.getDeducedDepth())
       return TemplateDeductionResult::Success;
 
-    DeducedTemplateArgument NewDeduced(S.Context.getCanonicalTemplateName(Arg));
+    auto NewDeduced = DeducedTemplateArgument(Arg);
+    // Provisional resolution for CWG2398: If Arg is also a template template
+    // param, and it names a template specialization, then we deduce a
+    // synthesized template template parameter based on A, but using the TS's
+    // arguments as defaults.
+    if (auto *TempArg = dyn_cast_or_null<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(
+            Arg.getAsTemplateDecl())) {
+      assert(Arg.getKind() == TemplateName::Template);
+      assert(!TempArg->isExpandedParameterPack());
+
+      TemplateParameterList *As = TempArg->getTemplateParameters();
+      if (DefaultArguments.size() != 0) {
+        assert(DefaultArguments.size() <= As->size());
+        SmallVector<NamedDecl *, 4> Params(As->size());
+        for (unsigned I = 0; I < DefaultArguments.size(); ++I)
+          Params[I] =
+              DeduceTemplateArguments(S, As->getParam(I), DefaultArguments[I]);
+        for (unsigned I = DefaultArguments.size(); I < As->size(); ++I)
+          Params[I] = As->getParam(I);
+        // FIXME: We could unique these, and also the parameters, but we don't
+        // expect programs to contain a large enough amount of these deductions
+        // for that to be worthwhile.
+        auto *TPL = TemplateParameterList::Create(
+            S.Context, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), Params,
+            SourceLocation(), As->getRequiresClause());
+        NewDeduced = DeducedTemplateArgument(
+            TemplateName(TemplateTemplateParmDecl::Create(
+                S.Context, TempArg->getDeclContext(), SourceLocation(),
+                TempArg->getDepth(), TempArg->getPosition(),
+                TempArg->isParameterPack(), TempArg->getIdentifier(),
+                TempArg->wasDeclaredWithTypename(), TPL)));
+      }
+    }
+
     DeducedTemplateArgument Result = checkDeducedTemplateArguments(S.Context,
                                                  Deduced[TempParam->getIndex()],
                                                                    NewDeduced);
@@ -604,7 +688,8 @@ DeduceTemplateSpecArguments(Sema &S, TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams,
 
     // Perform template argument deduction for the template name.
     if (auto Result =
-            DeduceTemplateArguments(S, TemplateParams, TNP, TNA, Info, Deduced);
+            DeduceTemplateArguments(S, TemplateParams, TNP, TNA, Info,
+                                    SA->template_arguments(), Deduced);
         Result != TemplateDeductionResult::Success)
       return Result;
     // Perform template argument deduction on each template
@@ -630,7 +715,8 @@ DeduceTemplateSpecArguments(Sema &S, TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams,
   // Perform template argument deduction for the template name.
   if (auto Result = DeduceTemplateArguments(
           S, TemplateParams, TP->getTemplateName(),
-          TemplateName(SA->getSpecializedTemplate()), Info, Deduced);
+          TemplateName(SA->getSpecializedTemplate()), Info,
+          SA->getTemplateArgs().asArray(), Deduced);
       Result != TemplateDeductionResult::Success)
     return Result;
 
@@ -2320,7 +2406,8 @@ DeduceTemplateArguments(Sema &S, TemplateParameterList *TemplateParams,
   case TemplateArgument::Template:
     if (A.getKind() == TemplateArgument::Template)
       return DeduceTemplateArguments(S, TemplateParams, P.getAsTemplate(),
-                                     A.getAsTemplate(), Info, Deduced);
+                                     A.getAsTemplate(), Info,
+                                     /*DefaultArguments=*/{}, Deduced);
     Info.FirstArg = P;
     Info.SecondArg = A;
     return TemplateDeductionResult::NonDeducedMismatch;

clang/test/CXX/temp/temp.arg/temp.arg.template/p3-2a.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN:  %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -frelaxed-template-template-args -verify %s
+// RUN:  %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify %s
 
 template<typename T> concept C = T::f(); // #C
 template<typename T> concept D = C<T> && T::g();

clang/test/CodeGenCXX/mangle-concept.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -verify -frelaxed-template-template-args -std=c++20 -emit-llvm -triple %itanium_abi_triple -o - %s -fclang-abi-compat=latest | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -verify -frelaxed-template-template-args -std=c++20 -emit-llvm -triple %itanium_abi_triple -o - %s -fclang-abi-compat=16 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CLANG16
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -verify -std=c++20 -emit-llvm -triple %itanium_abi_triple -o - %s -fclang-abi-compat=latest | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -verify -std=c++20 -emit-llvm -triple %itanium_abi_triple -o - %s -fclang-abi-compat=16 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CLANG16
 // expected-no-diagnostics
 
 namespace test1 {

clang/test/Driver/frelaxed-template-template-args.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// RUN: %clang -fsyntax-only -frelaxed-template-template-args %s 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-ON %s
+// RUN: %clang -fsyntax-only -fno-relaxed-template-template-args %s 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-OFF %s
+
+// CHECK-ON:  warning: argument '-frelaxed-template-template-args' is deprecated [-Wdeprecated]
+// CHECK-OFF: warning: argument '-fno-relaxed-template-template-args' is deprecated [-Wdeprecated]

clang/test/Lexer/cxx-features.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2c -fcxx-exceptions -fsized-deallocation -verify %s
 
 //
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++17 -fcxx-exceptions -fsized-deallocation -frelaxed-template-template-args -DRELAXED_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_ARGS=1 -verify %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++17 -fcxx-exceptions -fsized-deallocation -DCONCEPTS_TS=1 -verify %s
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++14 -fno-rtti -fno-threadsafe-statics -verify %s -DNO_EXCEPTIONS -DNO_RTTI -DNO_THREADSAFE_STATICS -fsized-deallocation
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++14 -fchar8_t -DNO_EXCEPTIONS -DCHAR8_T -verify -fsized-deallocation %s
@@ -231,9 +230,7 @@
 #error "wrong value for __cpp_nontype_template_args"
 #endif
 
-#if defined(RELAXED_TEMPLATE_TEMPLATE_ARGS) \
-    ? check(template_template_args, 0, 0, 0, 201611, 201611, 201611, 201611) \
-    : check(template_template_args, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+#if check(template_template_args, 201611, 201611, 201611, 201611, 201611, 201611, 201611)
 #error "wrong value for __cpp_template_template_args"
 #endif