Merge pull request #8460 from ignaciovihe/ejercicio-33

#33 - Python

Author: Roswell468

Roadmap/33 - RESCATANDO A MICKEY/python/ignaciovihe.py

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+"""
+ * EJERCICIO:
+ * ¡Disney ha presentado un montón de novedades en su D23! 
+ * Pero... ¿Dónde está Mickey?
+ * Mickey Mouse ha quedado atrapado en un laberinto mágico 
+ * creado por Maléfica.
+ * Desarrolla un programa para ayudarlo a escapar.
+ * Requisitos:
+ * 1. El laberinto está formado por un cuadrado de 6x6 celdas.
+ * 2. Los valores de las celdas serán:
+ *    - ⬜️ Vacío
+ *    - ⬛️ Obstáculo
+ *    - 🐭 Mickey
+ *    - 🚪 Salida
+ * Acciones:
+ * 1. Crea una matriz que represente el laberinto (no hace falta
+ * que se genere de manera automática).
+ * 2. Interactúa con el usuario por consola para preguntarle hacia
+ * donde se tiene que desplazar (arriba, abajo, izquierda o derecha).
+ * 3. Muestra la actualización del laberinto tras cada desplazamiento.
+ * 4. Valida todos los movimientos, teniendo en cuenta los límites
+ * del laberinto y los obstáculos. Notifica al usuario.
+ * 5. Finaliza el programa cuando Mickey llegue a la salida.
+"""
+
+
+"""
+He querido realizar el ejercicio con clases para practicar SOLID. Se podía haber resuelto de forma mucho mas sencilla.
+"""
+
+import os
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
+def clear_console():# Sierve para borrar la consola y que el tablero quede siempre en el mismo sitio
+    os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
+
+
+maze = [["⬜️","⬛️","🚪","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬛️","🐭","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️"],
+        ["⬜️","⬛️","⬜️","⬛️","⬛️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️","⬜️"]]
+
+class Maze:#Clase que contiene el laberinto y sus proiedades.
+    def __init__(self, grid):
+        self.grid = grid
+        self.obstacles, self.mickey, self.exit = self.update_maze_properties()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):# Este metodo hace que cuando accedo a la instacia de Maze con indices no tengo que acceder a maze.grid
+        return self.grid[index]
+    
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.grid)# Igualmente dice que cuando acceda a len de la instancia de Maze este accediendo directamente a len de maze.grid
+
+    def update_maze_properties(self):
+        current_obstacles = []
+        mickey = exit = None #Mejora la seguridad
+        for i, line in enumerate(self.grid):
+            for j, column in enumerate(line):
+                if column != "⬜️":
+                    if column == "⬛️":
+                        current_obstacles.append((i, j))
+                    elif column == "🐭":
+                        mickey = (i, j)
+                    elif column == "🚪":
+                        exit = (i, j)
+        return current_obstacles, mickey, exit
+
+
+class MazePrinter:#Esta clase sieve para pintar el laberinto
+    def __init__(self, maze: Maze):
+        self.maze = maze
+
+    def print_maze(self):
+        for line in self.maze:
+            for cell in line:
+                print(cell, end="")
+            print()
+
+
+class CellChecker:# Esta clase se encarga de comprobar las situaciones en el tablero
+    def __init__(self, maze: Maze):
+        self.maze = maze
+
+    def is_inside_maze(self, i:int, j:int):
+        return 0<= i < len(self.maze)  and   0<= j < len(self.maze[0]) # Puedo acceder directamente a self.maze como si fuera grid por la funcion __getitem__
+
+    def is_obstacle(self, i:int, j:int):
+        return (i, j) in self.maze.obstacles
+
+    def is_exit(self, i:int, j: int):
+        return (i, j) in self.maze.exit
+
+    def is_mickey(self, i:int, j: int):
+        return (i, j) in self.maze.mickey
+    
+
+class GameMessenger:# Esta clase se encarga de imprimir los mensajes de feedback
+    def invalid_direction(self):
+        print("Elige una opción válida")
+
+    def mickey_blocked(self):
+        print("Mickey no puede continuar por ahí")
+
+    def mickey_wins(self):
+        print("FELICIDADES! - HAS LIBERADO A MICKEY")
+    
+
+class MoveStrategy(ABC):# Interfaz/Clase abstracta de los posibles movimientos.
+    @abstractmethod
+    def matches(self, direction: str) -> bool:
+        pass
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_movement(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        pass
+
+class MoveLeft(MoveStrategy):#Implementaciones concretas de los posibles movimientos
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "a"
+    def get_movement(self): return (0, -1)
+
+class MoveUpLeft(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "q"
+    def get_movement(self): return (-1, -1)
+
+class MoveUp(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "w"
+    def get_movement(self): return (-1, 0)
+
+class MoveUpRight(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "e"
+    def get_movement(self): return (-1, 1)
+
+class MoveRight(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "d"
+    def get_movement(self): return (0, 1)
+
+class MoveDownRight(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "c"
+    def get_movement(self): return (1, 1)
+
+class MoveDown(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "s"
+    def get_movement(self): return (1, 0)
+
+class MoveDownLeft(MoveStrategy):
+    def matches(self, direction): return direction == "z"
+    def get_movement(self): return (1, -1)
+
+class MovementManager:# Esta clase se encarga de manejar los posibles movimientos
+    def __init__(self, maze: Maze, cell_checker: CellChecker, strategies):
+        self.maze = maze
+        self.cell_checker = cell_checker
+        self.strategies = strategies
+        
+    def calculate_movement(self, direction: str):# Obtiene el movimiento segun la opcion elegida
+        for strategie in self.strategies:
+            if strategie.matches(direction):
+                return strategie.get_movement()
+        return None    
+            
+    def move(self, direction: str):# Realiza el movimiento y devuelve el estado de lo que ha ocurrido. Movimiento normal, bloqueado, final.
+        movement = self.calculate_movement(direction)
+        if movement is None:
+            return "invalid"
+                
+        new_i = self.maze.mickey[0] + movement[0]
+        new_j = self.maze.mickey[1] + movement[1]
+
+        if self.cell_checker.is_inside_maze(new_i, new_j) and not self.cell_checker.is_obstacle(new_i, new_j):
+            old_i, old_j = self.maze.mickey
+            self.maze[old_i][old_j]= "⬜️"
+            self.maze[new_i][new_j] = "🐭"
+            self.maze.mickey = (new_i, new_j)
+            
+            if self.maze.mickey == self.maze.exit:
+                return "win"
+            return "moved"
+        else:
+            return "blocked"
+
+
+def main():# Se encarga del flujo del programa
+    my_maze = Maze(maze)
+    printer = MazePrinter(my_maze)
+    cell_checker = CellChecker(my_maze)
+    movement_strategies = [
+            MoveLeft(), MoveUpLeft(), MoveUp(), MoveUpRight(), MoveRight(), MoveDownRight(), MoveDown(), MoveDownLeft()
+        ]
+    movement_manager = MovementManager(my_maze, cell_checker, movement_strategies)
+    messenger = GameMessenger()
+
+    finish = False
+    print("--Welcome to Mickey Maze--")
+    printer.print_maze()
+
+    while not finish:
+        print("Movimientos:")
+        print("a. Izquierda")
+        print("q. Arriba izquierda")
+        print("w. Arriba")
+        print("e. Arriba derecha")
+        print("d. Derecha")
+        print("c. Abajo derecha")
+        print("s. Abajo")
+        print("z. Abajo izquierda")
+
+        option = input("Introduce a donde quieres moverte:")
+        clear_console()
+        result = movement_manager.move(option)
+
+        printer.print_maze()
+
+        match result:
+            case "invalid":
+                messenger.invalid_direction()
+            case "blocked":
+                messenger.mickey_blocked()
+            case "win":
+                messenger.mickey_wins()
+                finish = True
+
+main()