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*`type`: The `type`argument must be a valid React component type. For example, it could be a tag name string (such as `'div'`or`'span'`), or a React component (a function, a class, or a special component like [`Fragment`](/reference/react/Fragment)).
*`props`: The `props`argument must either be an object or `null`. If you pass `null`, it will be treated the same as an empty object. React will create an element with props matching the `props`you have passed. Note that `ref`and`key`from your `props` object are special and will *not* be available as `element.props.ref`and`element.props.key`on the returned `element`. They will be available as `element.ref`and`element.key`.
***optional**`...children`: Zero or more child nodes. They can be any React nodes, including React elements, strings, numbers, [portals](/reference/react-dom/createPortal), empty nodes (`null`, `undefined`, `true`, and `false`), and arrays of React nodes.
`createElement`returns a React element object with a few properties:
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`createElement`は以下のプロパティを持つ React 要素オブジェクトを返します。
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*`type`: The`type` you have passed.
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*`props`: The`props` you have passed except for `ref`and`key`. If the `type`is a component with legacy `type.defaultProps`, then any missing or undefined `props`will get the values from `type.defaultProps`.
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*`ref`: The`ref` you have passed. If missing, `null`.
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*`key`: The`key` you have passed, coerced to a string. If missing, `null`.
Usually, you'll return the element from your component or make it a child of another element. Although you may read the element's properties, it's best to treat every element as opaque after it's created, and only render it.
*You must **treat React elements and their props as [immutable](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable_object)** and never change their contents after creation. In development, React will [freeze](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/freeze)the returned element and its `props` property shallowly to enforce this.
*When you use JSX, **you must start a tag with a capital letter to render your own custom component.** In other words, `<Something />`is equivalent to `createElement(Something)`, but `<something />` (lowercase) is equivalent to `createElement('something')`(note it's a string, so it will be treated as a built-in HTML tag).
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* JSX を使用する場合、**独自のカスタムコンポーネントをレンダーするためにはタグを大文字で始める必要があります**。つまり、`<Something />`は `createElement(Something)` と同等ですが、`<something />`(小文字)は `createElement('something')`と同等です(文字列なので、組み込みの HTML タグとして扱われます)。
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*You should only **pass children as multiple arguments to `createElement`if they are all statically known,** like `createElement('h1', {}, child1, child2, child3)`. If your children are dynamic, pass the entire array as the third argument: `createElement('ul', {}, listItems)`. This ensures that React will [warn you about missing `key`s](/learn/rendering-lists#keeping-list-items-in-order-with-key) for any dynamic lists. For static lists this is not necessary because they never reorder.
To create an element without JSX, call `createElement`with some <CodeStepstep={1}>type</CodeStep>, <CodeStepstep={2}>props</CodeStep>, and <CodeStepstep={3}>children</CodeStep>:
The <CodeStepstep={3}>children</CodeStep> are optional, and you can pass as many as you need (the example above has three children). This code will display a `<h1>`header with a greeting. For comparison, here is the same example rewritten with JSX:
Here is a complete example written with `createElement`:
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以下は、`createElement` を使用して書かれたフルのサンプルです。
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<Sandpack>
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@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ export default function App() {
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</Sandpack>
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And here is the same example written using JSX:
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同じものを JSX で書くと以下のようになります。
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<Sandpack>
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@@ -176,13 +176,13 @@ export default function App() {
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</Sandpack>
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Both coding styles are fine, so you can use whichever one you prefer for your project. The main benefit of using JSX compared to `createElement`is that it's easy to see which closing tag corresponds to which opening tag.
An element is a lightweight description of a piece of the user interface. For example, both `<Greeting name="Taylor" />`and`createElement(Greeting, { name: 'Taylor' })`produce an object like this:
A React element is more like a description--an instruction for React to later render the `Greeting`component. By returning this object from your `App`component, you tell React what to do next.
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