Add unwrap_unsafe_binder and wrap_unsafe_binder macro operators

Author: compiler-errors

compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs

@@ -1382,6 +1382,7 @@ impl Expr {
             | ExprKind::Tup(_)
             | ExprKind::Type(..)
             | ExprKind::Underscore
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(..)
             | ExprKind::While(..)
             | ExprKind::Err(_)
             | ExprKind::Dummy => ExprPrecedence::Unambiguous,
@@ -1509,7 +1510,13 @@ pub enum ExprKind {
     /// `'label: for await? pat in iter { block }`
     ///
     /// This is desugared to a combination of `loop` and `match` expressions.
-    ForLoop { pat: P<Pat>, iter: P<Expr>, body: P<Block>, label: Option<Label>, kind: ForLoopKind },
+    ForLoop {
+        pat: P<Pat>,
+        iter: P<Expr>,
+        body: P<Block>,
+        label: Option<Label>,
+        kind: ForLoopKind,
+    },
     /// Conditionless loop (can be exited with `break`, `continue`, or `return`).
     ///
     /// `'label: loop { block }`
@@ -1614,6 +1621,8 @@ pub enum ExprKind {
     /// A `format_args!()` expression.
     FormatArgs(P<FormatArgs>),
 
+    UnsafeBinderCast(UnsafeBinderCastKind, P<Expr>, Option<P<Ty>>),
+
     /// Placeholder for an expression that wasn't syntactically well formed in some way.
     Err(ErrorGuaranteed),
 
@@ -1652,6 +1661,16 @@ impl GenBlockKind {
     }
 }
 
+/// Whether we're unwrapping or wrapping an unsafe binder
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Encodable, Decodable, HashStable_Generic)]
+pub enum UnsafeBinderCastKind {
+    // e.g. `&i32` -> `unsafe<'a> &'a i32`
+    Wrap,
+    // e.g. `unsafe<'a> &'a i32` -> `&i32`
+    Unwrap,
+}
+
 /// The explicit `Self` type in a "qualified path". The actual
 /// path, including the trait and the associated item, is stored
 /// separately. `position` represents the index of the associated

compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs

@@ -1780,6 +1780,12 @@ pub fn walk_expr<T: MutVisitor>(vis: &mut T, Expr { kind, id, span, attrs, token
         ExprKind::TryBlock(body) => vis.visit_block(body),
         ExprKind::Lit(_token) => {}
         ExprKind::IncludedBytes(_bytes) => {}
+        ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_kind, expr, ty) => {
+            vis.visit_expr(expr);
+            if let Some(ty) = ty {
+                vis.visit_ty(ty);
+            }
+        }
         ExprKind::Err(_guar) => {}
         ExprKind::Dummy => {}
     }

compiler/rustc_ast/src/util/classify.rs

@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ pub fn leading_labeled_expr(mut expr: &ast::Expr) -> bool {
             | Underscore
             | Yeet(..)
             | Yield(..)
+            | UnsafeBinderCast(..)
             | Err(..)
             | Dummy => return false,
         }
@@ -232,6 +233,7 @@ pub fn expr_trailing_brace(mut expr: &ast::Expr) -> Option<TrailingBrace<'_>> {
             | Paren(_)
             | Try(_)
             | Yeet(None)
+            | UnsafeBinderCast(..)
             | Err(_)
             | Dummy => break None,
         }

compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs

@@ -1230,6 +1230,10 @@ pub fn walk_expr<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, expression: &'a Expr) -> V
         ExprKind::TryBlock(body) => try_visit!(visitor.visit_block(body)),
         ExprKind::Lit(_token) => {}
         ExprKind::IncludedBytes(_bytes) => {}
+        ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_kind, expr, ty) => {
+            try_visit!(visitor.visit_expr(expr));
+            visit_opt!(visitor, visit_ty, ty);
+        }
         ExprKind::Err(_guar) => {}
         ExprKind::Dummy => {}
     }

compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/expr.rs

@@ -379,6 +379,14 @@ impl<'hir> LoweringContext<'_, 'hir> {
                 ExprKind::Yield(opt_expr) => self.lower_expr_yield(e.span, opt_expr.as_deref()),
                 ExprKind::Err(guar) => hir::ExprKind::Err(*guar),
 
+                ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty) => hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(
+                    *kind,
+                    self.lower_expr(expr),
+                    ty.as_ref().map(|ty| {
+                        self.lower_ty(ty, ImplTraitContext::Disallowed(ImplTraitPosition::Cast))
+                    }),
+                ),
+
                 ExprKind::Dummy => {
                     span_bug!(e.span, "lowered ExprKind::Dummy")
                 }

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/feature_gate.rs

@@ -565,6 +565,7 @@ pub fn check_crate(krate: &ast::Crate, sess: &Session, features: &Features) {
     gate_all!(return_type_notation, "return type notation is experimental");
     gate_all!(pin_ergonomics, "pinned reference syntax is experimental");
     gate_all!(unsafe_fields, "`unsafe` fields are experimental");
+    gate_all!(unsafe_binders, "unsafe binder types are experimental");
 
     if !visitor.features.never_patterns() {
         if let Some(spans) = spans.get(&sym::never_patterns) {

compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state/expr.rs

@@ -772,6 +772,25 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
                 self.word_nbsp("try");
                 self.print_block_with_attrs(blk, attrs)
             }
+            ast::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty) => {
+                self.word("builtin # ");
+                match kind {
+                    ast::UnsafeBinderCastKind::Wrap => self.word("wrap_binder"),
+                    ast::UnsafeBinderCastKind::Unwrap => self.word("unwrap_binder"),
+                }
+                self.popen();
+                self.ibox(0);
+                self.print_expr(expr, FixupContext::default());
+
+                if let Some(ty) = ty {
+                    self.word(",");
+                    self.space();
+                    self.print_type(ty);
+                }
+
+                self.end();
+                self.pclose();
+            }
             ast::ExprKind::Err(_) => {
                 self.popen();
                 self.word("/*ERROR*/");

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/assert/context.rs

@@ -323,7 +323,8 @@ impl<'cx, 'a> Context<'cx, 'a> {
             | ExprKind::While(_, _, _)
             | ExprKind::Yeet(_)
             | ExprKind::Become(_)
-            | ExprKind::Yield(_) => {}
+            | ExprKind::Yield(_)
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(..) => {}
         }
     }
 

compiler/rustc_feature/src/unstable.rs

@@ -635,6 +635,8 @@ declare_features! (
     /// Allows creation of instances of a struct by moving fields that have
     /// not changed from prior instances of the same struct (RFC #2528)
     (unstable, type_changing_struct_update, "1.58.0", Some(86555)),
+    /// Allows using `unsafe<'a> &'a T` unsafe binder types.
+    (incomplete, unsafe_binders, "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION", Some(130516)),
     /// Allows declaring fields `unsafe`.
     (incomplete, unsafe_fields, "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION", Some(132922)),
     /// Allows const generic parameters to be defined with types that

compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use rustc_ast::{
 };
 pub use rustc_ast::{
     BinOp, BinOpKind, BindingMode, BorrowKind, BoundConstness, BoundPolarity, ByRef, CaptureBy,
-    ImplPolarity, IsAuto, Movability, Mutability, UnOp,
+    ImplPolarity, IsAuto, Movability, Mutability, UnOp, UnsafeBinderCastKind,
 };
 use rustc_data_structures::fingerprint::Fingerprint;
 use rustc_data_structures::sorted_map::SortedMap;
@@ -1740,6 +1740,7 @@ impl Expr<'_> {
             | ExprKind::Struct(..)
             | ExprKind::Tup(_)
             | ExprKind::Type(..)
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(..)
             | ExprKind::Err(_) => ExprPrecedence::Unambiguous,
 
             ExprKind::DropTemps(ref expr, ..) => expr.precedence(),
@@ -1769,6 +1770,9 @@ impl Expr<'_> {
             // https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0803-type-ascription.md#type-ascription-and-temporaries
             ExprKind::Type(ref e, _) => e.is_place_expr(allow_projections_from),
 
+            // Unsafe binder cast preserves place-ness of the sub-expression.
+            ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, e, _) => e.is_place_expr(allow_projections_from),
+
             ExprKind::Unary(UnOp::Deref, _) => true,
 
             ExprKind::Field(ref base, _) | ExprKind::Index(ref base, _, _) => {
@@ -1850,7 +1854,8 @@ impl Expr<'_> {
             | ExprKind::Field(base, _)
             | ExprKind::Index(base, _, _)
             | ExprKind::AddrOf(.., base)
-            | ExprKind::Cast(base, _) => {
+            | ExprKind::Cast(base, _)
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, base, _) => {
                 // This isn't exactly true for `Index` and all `Unary`, but we are using this
                 // method exclusively for diagnostics and there's a *cultural* pressure against
                 // them being used only for its side-effects.
@@ -2144,6 +2149,10 @@ pub enum ExprKind<'hir> {
     /// A suspension point for coroutines (i.e., `yield <expr>`).
     Yield(&'hir Expr<'hir>, YieldSource),
 
+    /// Operators which can be used to interconvert `unsafe` binder types.
+    /// e.g. `unsafe<'a> &'a i32` <=> `&i32`.
+    UnsafeBinderCast(UnsafeBinderCastKind, &'hir Expr<'hir>, Option<&'hir Ty<'hir>>),
+
     /// A placeholder for an expression that wasn't syntactically well formed in some way.
     Err(rustc_span::ErrorGuaranteed),
 }

compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs

@@ -857,6 +857,10 @@ pub fn walk_expr<'v, V: Visitor<'v>>(visitor: &mut V, expression: &'v Expr<'v>)
         ExprKind::Yield(ref subexpression, _) => {
             try_visit!(visitor.visit_expr(subexpression));
         }
+        ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_kind, expr, ty) => {
+            try_visit!(visitor.visit_expr(expr));
+            visit_opt!(visitor, visit_ty, ty);
+        }
         ExprKind::Lit(_) | ExprKind::Err(_) => {}
     }
     V::Result::output()

compiler/rustc_hir_pretty/src/lib.rs

@@ -1542,6 +1542,19 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
 
                 self.word(")");
             }
+            hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty) => {
+                match kind {
+                    hir::UnsafeBinderCastKind::Wrap => self.word("wrap_binder!("),
+                    hir::UnsafeBinderCastKind::Unwrap => self.word("unwrap_binder!("),
+                }
+                self.print_expr(expr);
+                if let Some(ty) = ty {
+                    self.word(",");
+                    self.space();
+                    self.print_type(ty);
+                }
+                self.word(")");
+            }
             hir::ExprKind::Yield(expr, _) => {
                 self.word_space("yield");
                 self.print_expr_cond_paren(expr, expr.precedence() < ExprPrecedence::Jump);

compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr.rs

@@ -329,6 +329,13 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                     // Assignment does call `drop_in_place`, though, but its safety
                     // requirements are not the same.
                     ExprKind::AddrOf(..) | hir::ExprKind::Field(..) => false,
+
+                    // Place-preserving expressions only constitute reads if their
+                    // parent expression constitutes a read.
+                    ExprKind::Type(..) | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(..) => {
+                        self.expr_guaranteed_to_constitute_read_for_never(expr)
+                    }
+
                     ExprKind::Assign(lhs, _, _) => {
                         // Only the LHS does not constitute a read
                         expr.hir_id != lhs.hir_id
@@ -353,7 +360,6 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                     | ExprKind::Binary(_, _, _)
                     | ExprKind::Unary(_, _)
                     | ExprKind::Cast(_, _)
-                    | ExprKind::Type(_, _)
                     | ExprKind::DropTemps(_)
                     | ExprKind::If(_, _, _)
                     | ExprKind::Closure(_)
@@ -564,7 +570,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 self.check_expr_index(base, idx, expr, brackets_span)
             }
             ExprKind::Yield(value, _) => self.check_expr_yield(value, expr),
-            hir::ExprKind::Err(guar) => Ty::new_error(tcx, guar),
+            ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty) => {
+                self.check_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(kind, expr, ty, expected)
+            }
+            ExprKind::Err(guar) => Ty::new_error(tcx, guar),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1634,6 +1643,18 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
+    fn check_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(
+        &self,
+        _kind: hir::UnsafeBinderCastKind,
+        expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
+        _hir_ty: Option<&'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx>>,
+        _expected: Expectation<'tcx>,
+    ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
+        let guar =
+            self.dcx().struct_span_err(expr.span, "unsafe binders are not yet implemented").emit();
+        Ty::new_error(self.tcx, guar)
+    }
+
     fn check_expr_array(
         &self,
         args: &'tcx [hir::Expr<'tcx>],

compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr_use_visitor.rs

@@ -341,6 +341,10 @@ impl<'tcx, Cx: TypeInformationCtxt<'tcx>, D: Delegate<'tcx>> ExprUseVisitor<'tcx
                 self.walk_expr(subexpr)?;
             }
 
+            hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, subexpr, _) => {
+                self.walk_expr(subexpr)?;
+            }
+
             hir::ExprKind::Unary(hir::UnOp::Deref, base) => {
                 // *base
                 self.walk_expr(base)?;
@@ -1360,7 +1364,10 @@ impl<'tcx, Cx: TypeInformationCtxt<'tcx>, D: Delegate<'tcx>> ExprUseVisitor<'tcx
                 self.cat_res(expr.hir_id, expr.span, expr_ty, res)
             }
 
+            // both type ascription and unsafe binder casts don't affect
+            // the place-ness of the subexpression.
             hir::ExprKind::Type(e, _) => self.cat_expr(e),
+            hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, e, _) => self.cat_expr(e),
 
             hir::ExprKind::AddrOf(..)
             | hir::ExprKind::Call(..)

compiler/rustc_lint/src/dangling.rs

@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@ fn is_temporary_rvalue(expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
         | ExprKind::DropTemps(..)
         | ExprKind::Let(..) => false,
 
+        ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(..) => false,
+
         // Not applicable
         ExprKind::Type(..) | ExprKind::Err(..) => false,
     }

compiler/rustc_lint/src/if_let_rescope.rs

@@ -422,6 +422,7 @@ impl<'tcx, 'a> Visitor<'tcx> for FindSignificantDropper<'tcx, 'a> {
             hir::ExprKind::Unary(_, expr)
             | hir::ExprKind::Cast(expr, _)
             | hir::ExprKind::Type(expr, _)
+            | hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, expr, _)
             | hir::ExprKind::Yield(expr, _)
             | hir::ExprKind::AddrOf(_, _, expr)
             | hir::ExprKind::Match(expr, _, _)

compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/thir/cx/expr.rs

@@ -915,6 +915,11 @@ impl<'tcx> Cx<'tcx> {
                     }
                 }
             }
+
+            hir::ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_kind, _source, _ty) => {
+                unreachable!("unsafe binders are not yet implemented")
+            }
+
             hir::ExprKind::DropTemps(source) => ExprKind::Use { source: self.mirror_expr(source) },
             hir::ExprKind::Array(fields) => ExprKind::Array { fields: self.mirror_exprs(fields) },
             hir::ExprKind::Tup(fields) => ExprKind::Tuple { fields: self.mirror_exprs(fields) },

compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use rustc_ast::visit::{Visitor, walk_expr};
 use rustc_ast::{
     self as ast, AnonConst, Arm, AttrStyle, AttrVec, BinOp, BinOpKind, BlockCheckMode, CaptureBy,
     ClosureBinder, DUMMY_NODE_ID, Expr, ExprField, ExprKind, FnDecl, FnRetTy, Label, MacCall,
-    MetaItemLit, Movability, Param, RangeLimits, StmtKind, Ty, TyKind, UnOp,
+    MetaItemLit, Movability, Param, RangeLimits, StmtKind, Ty, TyKind, UnOp, UnsafeBinderCastKind,
 };
 use rustc_ast_pretty::pprust;
 use rustc_data_structures::stack::ensure_sufficient_stack;
@@ -1931,6 +1931,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             Ok(match ident.name {
                 sym::offset_of => Some(this.parse_expr_offset_of(lo)?),
                 sym::type_ascribe => Some(this.parse_expr_type_ascribe(lo)?),
+                sym::wrap_binder => {
+                    Some(this.parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(lo, UnsafeBinderCastKind::Wrap)?)
+                }
+                sym::unwrap_binder => {
+                    Some(this.parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(lo, UnsafeBinderCastKind::Unwrap)?)
+                }
                 _ => None,
             })
         })
@@ -2006,6 +2012,17 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Type(expr, ty)))
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(
+        &mut self,
+        lo: Span,
+        kind: UnsafeBinderCastKind,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let expr = self.parse_expr()?;
+        let ty = if self.eat(&TokenKind::Comma) { Some(self.parse_ty()?) } else { None };
+        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty)))
+    }
+
     /// Returns a string literal if the next token is a string literal.
     /// In case of error returns `Some(lit)` if the next token is a literal with a wrong kind,
     /// and returns `None` if the next token is not literal at all.
@@ -4019,7 +4036,9 @@ impl MutVisitor for CondChecker<'_> {
                 mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
                 self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
             }
-            ExprKind::Cast(ref mut op, _) | ExprKind::Type(ref mut op, _) => {
+            ExprKind::Cast(ref mut op, _)
+            | ExprKind::Type(ref mut op, _)
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, ref mut op, _) => {
                 let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
                 self.forbid_let_reason = Some(OtherForbidden);
                 self.visit_expr(op);