Rollup merge of #99957 - chotchki:ip-globally-reachable_rebase, r=Mark-Simulacrum

Rework Ipv6Addr::is_global to check for global reachability rather than global scope - rebase

Rebasing of pull request #86634 off of master to try and get the feature "ip" stabilized.

I also found a test failure in the rebase that is_global was considering the benchmark space to be globally reachable.

This is related to my other rebasing pull request #99947

Author: Dylan-DPC

library/std/src/net/ip.rs

@@ -620,25 +620,31 @@ impl Ipv4Addr {
         matches!(self.octets(), [169, 254, ..])
     }
 
-    /// Returns [`true`] if the address appears to be globally routable.
-    /// See [iana-ipv4-special-registry][ipv4-sr].
+    /// Returns [`true`] if the address appears to be globally reachable
+    /// as specified by the [IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Address Registry].
+    /// Whether or not an address is practically reachable will depend on your network configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Most IPv4 addresses are globally reachable;
+    /// unless they are specifically defined as *not* globally reachable.
     ///
-    /// The following return [`false`]:
+    /// Non-exhaustive list of notable addresses that are not globally reachable:
     ///
-    /// - private addresses (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_private()`])
-    /// - the loopback address (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_loopback()`])
-    /// - the link-local address (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_link_local()`])
-    /// - the broadcast address (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_broadcast()`])
-    /// - addresses used for documentation (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_documentation()`])
-    /// - the unspecified address (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_unspecified()`]), and the whole
-    ///   `0.0.0.0/8` block
-    /// - addresses reserved for future protocols, except
-    /// `192.0.0.9/32` and `192.0.0.10/32` which are globally routable
-    /// - addresses reserved for future use (see [`Ipv4Addr::is_reserved()`]
-    /// - addresses reserved for networking devices benchmarking (see
-    /// [`Ipv4Addr::is_benchmarking()`])
+    /// - The [unspecified address] ([`is_unspecified`](Ipv4Addr::is_unspecified))
+    /// - Addresses reserved for private use ([`is_private`](Ipv4Addr::is_private))
+    /// - Addresses in the shared address space ([`is_shared`](Ipv4Addr::is_shared))
+    /// - Loopback addresses ([`is_loopback`](Ipv4Addr::is_loopback))
+    /// - Link-local addresses ([`is_link_local`](Ipv4Addr::is_link_local))
+    /// - Addresses reserved for documentation ([`is_documentation`](Ipv4Addr::is_documentation))
+    /// - Addresses reserved for benchmarking ([`is_benchmarking`](Ipv4Addr::is_benchmarking))
+    /// - Reserved addresses ([`is_reserved`](Ipv4Addr::is_reserved))
+    /// - The [broadcast address] ([`is_broadcast`](Ipv4Addr::is_broadcast))
     ///
-    /// [ipv4-sr]: https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana-ipv4-special-registry.xhtml
+    /// For the complete overview of which addresses are globally reachable, see the table at the [IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Address Registry].
+    ///
+    /// [IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Address Registry]: https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana-ipv4-special-registry.xhtml
+    /// [unspecified address]: Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED
+    /// [broadcast address]: Ipv4Addr::BROADCAST
+
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
@@ -647,71 +653,61 @@ impl Ipv4Addr {
     ///
     /// use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
     ///
-    /// // private addresses are not global
+    /// // Most IPv4 addresses are globally reachable:
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(80, 9, 12, 3).is_global(), true);
+    ///
+    /// // However some addresses have been assigned a special meaning
+    /// // that makes them not globally reachable. Some examples are:
+    ///
+    /// // The unspecified address (`0.0.0.0`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED.is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // Addresses reserved for private use (`10.0.0.0/8`, `172.16.0.0/12`, 192.168.0.0/16)
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(10, 254, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 10, 65).is_global(), false);
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(172, 16, 10, 65).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // the 0.0.0.0/8 block is not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 1, 2, 3).is_global(), false);
-    /// // in particular, the unspecified address is not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
+    /// // Addresses in the shared address space (`100.64.0.0/10`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(100, 100, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // the loopback address is not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1).is_global(), false);
+    /// // The loopback addresses (`127.0.0.0/8`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST.is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // link local addresses are not global
+    /// // Link-local addresses (`169.254.0.0/16`)
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(169, 254, 45, 1).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // the broadcast address is not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 255, 255).is_global(), false);
-    ///
-    /// // the address space designated for documentation is not global
+    /// // Addresses reserved for documentation (`192.0.2.0/24`, `198.51.100.0/24`, `203.0.113.0/24`)
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 0, 2, 255).is_global(), false);
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(198, 51, 100, 65).is_global(), false);
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(203, 0, 113, 6).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // shared addresses are not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(100, 100, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
-    ///
-    /// // addresses reserved for protocol assignment are not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 0, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 0, 0, 255).is_global(), false);
+    /// // Addresses reserved for benchmarking (`198.18.0.0/15`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(198, 18, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // addresses reserved for future use are not global
+    /// // Reserved addresses (`240.0.0.0/4`)
     /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(250, 10, 20, 30).is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // addresses reserved for network devices benchmarking are not global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(198, 18, 0, 0).is_global(), false);
+    /// // The broadcast address (`255.255.255.255`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::BROADCAST.is_global(), false);
     ///
-    /// // All the other addresses are global
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(1, 1, 1, 1).is_global(), true);
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::new(80, 9, 12, 3).is_global(), true);
+    /// // For a complete overview see the IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Address Registry.
     /// ```
     #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ipv4", issue = "76205")]
     #[unstable(feature = "ip", issue = "27709")]
     #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub const fn is_global(&self) -> bool {
-        // check if this address is 192.0.0.9 or 192.0.0.10. These addresses are the only two
-        // globally routable addresses in the 192.0.0.0/24 range.
-        if u32::from_be_bytes(self.octets()) == 0xc0000009
-            || u32::from_be_bytes(self.octets()) == 0xc000000a
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-        !self.is_private()
-            && !self.is_loopback()
-            && !self.is_link_local()
-            && !self.is_broadcast()
-            && !self.is_documentation()
-            && !self.is_shared()
+        !(self.octets()[0] == 0 // "This network"
+            || self.is_private()
+            || self.is_shared()
+            || self.is_loopback()
+            || self.is_link_local()
             // addresses reserved for future protocols (`192.0.0.0/24`)
-            && !(self.octets()[0] == 192 && self.octets()[1] == 0 && self.octets()[2] == 0)
-            && !self.is_reserved()
-            && !self.is_benchmarking()
-            // Make sure the address is not in 0.0.0.0/8
-            && self.octets()[0] != 0
+            ||(self.octets()[0] == 192 && self.octets()[1] == 0 && self.octets()[2] == 0)
+            || self.is_documentation()
+            || self.is_benchmarking()
+            || self.is_reserved()
+            || self.is_broadcast())
     }
 
     /// Returns [`true`] if this address is part of the Shared Address Space defined in
@@ -1300,13 +1296,33 @@ impl Ipv6Addr {
         u128::from_be_bytes(self.octets()) == u128::from_be_bytes(Ipv6Addr::LOCALHOST.octets())
     }
 
-    /// Returns [`true`] if the address appears to be globally routable.
+    /// Returns [`true`] if the address appears to be globally reachable
+    /// as specified by the [IANA IPv6 Special-Purpose Address Registry].
+    /// Whether or not an address is practically reachable will depend on your network configuration.
     ///
-    /// The following return [`false`]:
+    /// Most IPv6 addresses are globally reachable;
+    /// unless they are specifically defined as *not* globally reachable.
     ///
-    /// - the loopback address
-    /// - link-local and unique local unicast addresses
-    /// - interface-, link-, realm-, admin- and site-local multicast addresses
+    /// Non-exhaustive list of notable addresses that are not globally reachable:
+    /// - The [unspecified address] ([`is_unspecified`](Ipv6Addr::is_unspecified))
+    /// - The [loopback address] ([`is_loopback`](Ipv6Addr::is_loopback))
+    /// - IPv4-mapped addresses
+    /// - Addresses reserved for benchmarking
+    /// - Addresses reserved for documentation ([`is_documentation`](Ipv6Addr::is_documentation))
+    /// - Unique local addresses ([`is_unique_local`](Ipv6Addr::is_unique_local))
+    /// - Unicast addresses with link-local scope ([`is_unicast_link_local`](Ipv6Addr::is_unicast_link_local))
+    ///
+    /// For the complete overview of which addresses are globally reachable, see the table at the [IANA IPv6 Special-Purpose Address Registry].
+    ///
+    /// Note that an address having global scope is not the same as being globally reachable,
+    /// and there is no direct relation between the two concepts: There exist addresses with global scope
+    /// that are not globally reachable (for example unique local addresses),
+    /// and addresses that are globally reachable without having global scope
+    /// (multicast addresses with non-global scope).
+    ///
+    /// [IANA IPv6 Special-Purpose Address Registry]: https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv6-special-registry/iana-ipv6-special-registry.xhtml
+    /// [unspecified address]: Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED
+    /// [loopback address]: Ipv6Addr::LOCALHOST
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
@@ -1315,20 +1331,65 @@ impl Ipv6Addr {
     ///
     /// use std::net::Ipv6Addr;
     ///
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xc00a, 0x2ff).is_global(), true);
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x1).is_global(), false);
-    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0x1c9, 0, 0, 0xafc8, 0, 0x1).is_global(), true);
+    /// // Most IPv6 addresses are globally reachable:
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0x26, 0, 0x1c9, 0, 0, 0xafc8, 0x10, 0x1).is_global(), true);
+    ///
+    /// // However some addresses have been assigned a special meaning
+    /// // that makes them not globally reachable. Some examples are:
+    ///
+    /// // The unspecified address (`::`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED.is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // The loopback address (`::1`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::LOCALHOST.is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // IPv4-mapped addresses (`::ffff:0:0/96`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xc00a, 0x2ff).is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // Addresses reserved for benchmarking (`2001:2::/48`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2001, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,).is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // Addresses reserved for documentation (`2001:db8::/32`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2001, 0xdb8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1).is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // Unique local addresses (`fc00::/7`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0xfc02, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1).is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // Unicast addresses with link-local scope (`fe80::/10`)
+    /// assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0xfe81, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1).is_global(), false);
+    ///
+    /// // For a complete overview see the IANA IPv6 Special-Purpose Address Registry.
     /// ```
     #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ipv6", issue = "76205")]
     #[unstable(feature = "ip", issue = "27709")]
     #[must_use]
     #[inline]
     pub const fn is_global(&self) -> bool {
-        match self.multicast_scope() {
-            Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::Global) => true,
-            None => self.is_unicast_global(),
-            _ => false,
-        }
+        !(self.is_unspecified()
+            || self.is_loopback()
+            // IPv4-mapped Address (`::ffff:0:0/96`)
+            || matches!(self.segments(), [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, _, _])
+            // IPv4-IPv6 Translat. (`64:ff9b:1::/48`)
+            || matches!(self.segments(), [0x64, 0xff9b, 1, _, _, _, _, _])
+            // Discard-Only Address Block (`100::/64`)
+            || matches!(self.segments(), [0x100, 0, 0, 0, _, _, _, _])
+            // IETF Protocol Assignments (`2001::/23`)
+            || (matches!(self.segments(), [0x2001, b, _, _, _, _, _, _] if b < 0x200)
+                && !(
+                    // Port Control Protocol Anycast (`2001:1::1`)
+                    u128::from_be_bytes(self.octets()) == 0x2001_0001_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0001
+                    // Traversal Using Relays around NAT Anycast (`2001:1::2`)
+                    || u128::from_be_bytes(self.octets()) == 0x2001_0001_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0002
+                    // AMT (`2001:3::/32`)
+                    || matches!(self.segments(), [0x2001, 3, _, _, _, _, _, _])
+                    // AS112-v6 (`2001:4:112::/48`)
+                    || matches!(self.segments(), [0x2001, 4, 0x112, _, _, _, _, _])
+                    // ORCHIDv2 (`2001:20::/28`)
+                    || matches!(self.segments(), [0x2001, b, _, _, _, _, _, _] if b >= 0x20 && b <= 0x2F)
+                ))
+            || self.is_documentation()
+            || self.is_unique_local()
+            || self.is_unicast_link_local())
     }
 
     /// Returns [`true`] if this is a unique local address (`fc00::/7`).
@@ -1525,6 +1586,7 @@ impl Ipv6Addr {
             && !self.is_unique_local()
             && !self.is_unspecified()
             && !self.is_documentation()
+            && !self.is_benchmarking()
     }
 
     /// Returns the address's multicast scope if the address is multicast.