Add a key method to Sema to optimize debug info size

It turns out that the debug info describing the Sema class is an
appreciable percentage of the total object file size of objects in Sema.
By adding a key function, clang is able to optimize the debug info size
by emitting a forward declaration in TUs that do not define the key
function.

On Windows, with clang-cl, these are the total sizes of object files in
Sema before and after this change, compiling with optimizations and
debug info:
  before: 335,012 KB
  after:  278,116 KB
  delta:  -56,896 KB
  percent: -17.0%

The effect on link time was negligible, despite having ~56MB less input.

On Linux, with clang, these are the same sizes using DWARF -g and
optimizations:
  before: 603,756 KB
  after:  515,340 KB
  delta:  -88,416 KB
  percent: -14.6%

I didn't use type units, DWARF-5, fission, or any other special flags.

Reviewed By: thakis

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D70340

Author: rnk

clang/include/clang/Sema/Sema.h

@@ -328,10 +328,13 @@ class PreferredTypeBuilder {
 };
 
 /// Sema - This implements semantic analysis and AST building for C.
-class Sema {
+class Sema final {
   Sema(const Sema &) = delete;
   void operator=(const Sema &) = delete;
 
+  /// A key method to reduce duplicate debug info from Sema.
+  virtual void anchor();
+
   ///Source of additional semantic information.
   ExternalSemaSource *ExternalSource;
 

clang/lib/Sema/Sema.cpp

@@ -189,6 +189,9 @@ Sema::Sema(Preprocessor &pp, ASTContext &ctxt, ASTConsumer &consumer,
   SemaPPCallbackHandler->set(*this);
 }
 
+// Anchor Sema's type info to this TU.
+void Sema::anchor() {}
+
 void Sema::addImplicitTypedef(StringRef Name, QualType T) {
   DeclarationName DN = &Context.Idents.get(Name);
   if (IdResolver.begin(DN) == IdResolver.end())