Description
Hi,
As of this commit, specifying an Armv9-A architecture will cause Clang to generate SVE instructions unconditionally. However, these instructions are OPTIONAL from version v8.2 of the architecture, as called out in the Arm ARM:
// ARM DDI 0487K.a, A2-105
FEAT_SVE is OPTIONAL from Armv8.2.
This is particularly problematic when running in a KVM guest environment, as SVE is disabled by default regardless of the underlying hardware capabilities and must be explicitly enabled by the VMM as an opt-in vCPU feature. Consequently, host binaries compiled with -march=armv9-a cannot execute in guest context on a v9 CPU unless the VMM enables SVE. Of course, these binaries would also fail to execute on a v9 CPU that chose not to implement SVE at all, but the KVM case is what we have run into in Android.
In addition to the above, there is a misleading "note" in the Arm ARM about SVE2 (which implies SVE) specifically:
// ARM DDI 0487K.a, A1-59
Note:
All Armv8-A systems that support standard operating systems with rich application environments provide hardware
support for Advanced SIMD and floating-point instructions. All Armv9-A systems that support standard operating
systems with rich application environments also provide hardware support for SVE2 instructions. It is a requirement
of the ARM Procedure Call Standard for AArch64, see Procedure Call Standard for the Arm 64-bit Architecture.
It's all very fluffy (who knows what a "rich application environment" really means), but the final sentence gives the wrong impression that the PCS requires support for SVE2. Although the PCS does require hardware support for fpsimd (see this footnote), SVE is still correctly referred to as an optional extension.
Looking back at an older version of the Arm ARM:
// ARM DDI 0487E.a, A1-51
Note:
All systems that support standard operating systems with rich application environments provide hardware
support for Advanced SIMD and floating-point. It is a requirement of the ARM Procedure Call Standard for
AArch64, see Procedure Call Standard for the Arm 64-bit Architecture.
It seems plausible that the SVE2 text was shoe-horned in a little clumsily and the implication on the PCS was accidental.
Anyway, the tl;dr is that I don't think specifying an Armv9-A target architecture should assume the presence of SVE as this is not guaranteed by the CPU architecture and doesn't match the default behaviour of KVM. Instead, I think SVE should be specified explicitly as e.g. armv9-a+sve on the assumption that the user knows that they are generating non-portable binaries.