fix segfault in ZEND_BIND_STATIC

Zend/zend_vm_def.h

@@ -8788,6 +8788,8 @@ ZEND_VM_HANDLER(183, ZEND_BIND_STATIC, CV, UNUSED, REF)
 
 	variable_ptr = GET_OP1_ZVAL_PTR_PTR_UNDEF(BP_VAR_W);
 
+	SAVE_OPLINE();
+
 	ht = ZEND_MAP_PTR_GET(EX(func)->op_array.static_variables_ptr);
 	if (!ht) {
 		ht = zend_array_dup(EX(func)->op_array.static_variables);
@@ -8797,7 +8799,6 @@ ZEND_VM_HANDLER(183, ZEND_BIND_STATIC, CV, UNUSED, REF)
 
 	value = (zval*)((char*)ht->arData + (opline->extended_value & ~(ZEND_BIND_REF|ZEND_BIND_IMPLICIT|ZEND_BIND_EXPLICIT)));
 
-	SAVE_OPLINE();
 	if (opline->extended_value & ZEND_BIND_REF) {
 		if (Z_TYPE_P(value) == IS_CONSTANT_AST) {
 			if (UNEXPECTED(zval_update_constant_ex(value, EX(func)->op_array.scope) != SUCCESS)) {

Zend/zend_vm_execute.h

@@ -48471,6 +48471,8 @@ static ZEND_OPCODE_HANDLER_RET ZEND_FASTCALL ZEND_BIND_STATIC_SPEC_CV_UNUSED_HAN
 
 	variable_ptr = EX_VAR(opline->op1.var);
 
+	SAVE_OPLINE();
+
 	ht = ZEND_MAP_PTR_GET(EX(func)->op_array.static_variables_ptr);
 	if (!ht) {
 		ht = zend_array_dup(EX(func)->op_array.static_variables);
@@ -48480,7 +48482,6 @@ static ZEND_OPCODE_HANDLER_RET ZEND_FASTCALL ZEND_BIND_STATIC_SPEC_CV_UNUSED_HAN
 
 	value = (zval*)((char*)ht->arData + (opline->extended_value & ~(ZEND_BIND_REF|ZEND_BIND_IMPLICIT|ZEND_BIND_EXPLICIT)));
 
-	SAVE_OPLINE();
 	if (opline->extended_value & ZEND_BIND_REF) {
 		if (Z_TYPE_P(value) == IS_CONSTANT_AST) {
 			if (UNEXPECTED(zval_update_constant_ex(value, EX(func)->op_array.scope) != SUCCESS)) {

ext/zend_test/php_test.h

@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ ZEND_BEGIN_MODULE_GLOBALS(zend_test)
 	HashTable global_weakmap;
 	int replace_zend_execute_ex;
 	int register_passes;
+	int observe_opline_in_zendmm;
+	zend_mm_heap* zend_orig_heap;
+	zend_mm_heap* zend_test_heap;
 	zend_test_fiber *active_fiber;
 ZEND_END_MODULE_GLOBALS(zend_test)
 

ext/zend_test/test.c

@@ -30,8 +30,15 @@
 #include "zend_interfaces.h"
 #include "zend_weakrefs.h"
 #include "Zend/Optimizer/zend_optimizer.h"
+#include "Zend/zend_alloc.h"
 #include "test_arginfo.h"
 
+// `php.h` sets `NDEBUG` when not `PHP_DEBUG` which will make `assert()` from
+// assert.h a no-op. In order to have `assert()` working on NDEBUG builds, we
+// undefine `NDEBUG` and re-include assert.h
+#undef NDEBUG
+#include "assert.h"
+
 #if defined(HAVE_LIBXML) && !defined(PHP_WIN32)
 # include <libxml/globals.h>
 # include <libxml/parser.h>
@@ -364,6 +371,68 @@ static ZEND_FUNCTION(zend_test_crash)
 	php_printf("%s", invalid);
 }
 
+static bool has_opline(zend_execute_data *execute_data)
+{
+	return execute_data
+		&& execute_data->func
+		&& ZEND_USER_CODE(execute_data->func->type)
+		&& execute_data->opline
+	;
+}
+
+void * zend_test_custom_malloc(size_t len)
+{
+	if (has_opline(EG(current_execute_data))) {
+		assert(EG(current_execute_data)->opline->lineno != (uint32_t)-1);
+	}
+	return _zend_mm_alloc(ZT_G(zend_orig_heap), len ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC);
+}
+
+void zend_test_custom_free(void *ptr)
+{
+	if (has_opline(EG(current_execute_data))) {
+		assert(EG(current_execute_data)->opline->lineno != (uint32_t)-1);
+	}
+	_zend_mm_free(ZT_G(zend_orig_heap), ptr ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC);
+}
+
+void * zend_test_custom_realloc(void * ptr, size_t len)
+{
+	if (has_opline(EG(current_execute_data))) {
+		assert(EG(current_execute_data)->opline->lineno != (uint32_t)-1);
+	}
+	return _zend_mm_realloc(ZT_G(zend_orig_heap), ptr, len ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC ZEND_FILE_LINE_EMPTY_CC);
+}
+
+static PHP_INI_MH(OnUpdateZendTestObserveOplineInZendMM)
+{
+	if (new_value == NULL) {
+		return FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	int int_value = zend_ini_parse_bool(new_value);
+
+	if (int_value == 1) {
+		// `zend_mm_heap` is a private struct, so we have not way to find the
+		// actual size, but 4096 bytes should be enough
+		ZT_G(zend_test_heap) = malloc(4096);
+		memset(ZT_G(zend_test_heap), 0, 4096);
+		zend_mm_set_custom_handlers(
+			ZT_G(zend_test_heap),
+			zend_test_custom_malloc,
+			zend_test_custom_free,
+			zend_test_custom_realloc
+		);
+		ZT_G(zend_orig_heap) = zend_mm_get_heap();
+		zend_mm_set_heap(ZT_G(zend_test_heap));
+	} else if (ZT_G(zend_test_heap))  {
+		free(ZT_G(zend_test_heap));
+		ZT_G(zend_test_heap) = NULL;
+		zend_mm_set_heap(ZT_G(zend_orig_heap));
+	}
+	return OnUpdateBool(entry, new_value, mh_arg1, mh_arg2, mh_arg3, stage);
+}
+
 static ZEND_FUNCTION(zend_test_is_pcre_bundled)
 {
 	ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_NONE();
@@ -558,6 +627,7 @@ static ZEND_METHOD(ZendTestChildClassWithMethodWithParameterAttribute, override)
 PHP_INI_BEGIN()
 	STD_PHP_INI_BOOLEAN("zend_test.replace_zend_execute_ex", "0", PHP_INI_SYSTEM, OnUpdateBool, replace_zend_execute_ex, zend_zend_test_globals, zend_test_globals)
 	STD_PHP_INI_BOOLEAN("zend_test.register_passes", "0", PHP_INI_SYSTEM, OnUpdateBool, register_passes, zend_zend_test_globals, zend_test_globals)
+	STD_PHP_INI_BOOLEAN("zend_test.observe_opline_in_zendmm", "0", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateZendTestObserveOplineInZendMM, observe_opline_in_zendmm, zend_zend_test_globals, zend_test_globals)
 PHP_INI_END()
 
 void (*old_zend_execute_ex)(zend_execute_data *execute_data);
@@ -700,6 +770,13 @@ PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(zend_test)
 		zend_weakrefs_hash_del(&ZT_G(global_weakmap), (zend_object *)(uintptr_t)objptr);
 	} ZEND_HASH_FOREACH_END();
 	zend_hash_destroy(&ZT_G(global_weakmap));
+
+	if (ZT_G(zend_test_heap))  {
+		free(ZT_G(zend_test_heap));
+		ZT_G(zend_test_heap) = NULL;
+		zend_mm_set_heap(ZT_G(zend_orig_heap));
+	}
+
 	return SUCCESS;
 }
 

ext/zend_test/tests/opline_dangling.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+--TEST--
+possible segfault in `ZEND_BIND_STATIC`
+--DESCRIPTION--
+https://github.com/php/php-src/pull/12758
+--EXTENSIONS--
+zend_test
+--INI--
+zend_test.observe_opline_in_zendmm=1
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+function &ref() {
+    static $a = 5;
+    return $a;
+}
+
+class Foo {
+    public static int $i;
+    public static string $s = "x";
+}
+
+var_dump(Foo::$i = "1");
+var_dump(Foo::$s, Foo::$i);
+var_dump(ref());
+
+echo 'Done.';
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+int(1)
+string(1) "x"
+int(1)
+int(5)
+Done.