Vectorize follow-up

[ricardoV94]

Description

Now that #306 is merged, there are a couple of follow ups we should do:

1. Blockwise more Ops (Everything in linalg?)
2. Dispatch vectorize for more Ops
   1. Alloc Blockwise improvements #532
   2. Shape Vectorize dispatch for shape operations #454
   3. Subtensor Blockwise improvements #532
   4. Arange Blockwise improvements #532
   5. ExtractDiag Blockwise improvements #532
   6. Assert
3. Implement JAX and Numba dispatch
   1. Use jax vectorize Support Blockwise in JAX backend #487
   2. Use the machinery developed in Add support for random Generators in Numba backend #691

import pytensor.tensor as pt
from pytensor.graph import vectorize
from pytensor.compile.builders import OpFromGraph

i = pt.scalar("i", dtype=int)
y_ = pt.sum(pt.arange(0, i))
y = OpFromGraph([i], [y_])(i)

new_i = pt.vector("new_i", dtype=int)
new_y = vectorize(y, {i: new_i})
new_y.eval({new_i: [1, 2, 3, 4]})  # [0, 1, 3, 6]

We could explore automatically wrapping such sequences of "non-square blockwised Ops - reduced non-square dims" in an blockwised OpFromGraph during rewrites, to support those cases.