Allow defining an OpFromGraph from constant and shared inputs

[ricardoV94]

Also adds a strict flag

Description

This changes make working with OpFromGraph much simpler, as we can fully control the signature of OpFromGraph without having to worry whether the variables we are using to define the inner graph are shared/constants.

This facilitates the work being done in pymc-devs/pymc#6947

Related Issue

• Closes OpFromGraph difficult to subclass due to not allowing shared variables to be positioned explicitly as an input #473

Checklist

• Checked that the pre-commit linting/style checks pass
• Included tests that prove the fix is effective or that the new feature works
• Added necessary documentation (docstrings and/or example notebooks)
• If you are a pro: each commit corresponds to a relevant logical change

Type of change

• New feature / enhancement
• Bug fix
• Documentation
• Maintenance
• Other (please specify):

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 80.83%. Comparing base (339aab4) to head (8ca9ed5).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #676   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   80.83%   80.83%           
=======================================
  Files         162      162           
  Lines       46830    46830           
  Branches    11446    11447    +1     
=======================================
  Hits        37857    37857           
  Misses       6710     6710           
  Partials     2263     2263           

Files	Coverage Δ
pytensor/compile/builders.py	77.17% <100.00%> (ø)